that they may be used to indicate the phenomenon in a general
way. Accordingly, before the gentlemen’s agreement became ef-
fective, about 20 per cent. of the emigrants had annually returned
home. The very high percentage for 1895 was due to non-emi-
gration because of the Chinese-Japanese War, rather than to the
actual number returning. However, the similarly high percentage
for 1905 was partly caused by the large number returning and
partly by the fall in the number emigrating. The Japanese-
Russian War was wholly responsible for the situation. The curi-
ous situation that has obtained since 1908 is entirely due to the
effective administration of the agreement of 1907. That agree-
ment put a stop to Japanese immigration to, but it left Japanese
emigration free from, this country, and the number departing
have often exceeded the number arriving. In other words, the
Japanese population in the United States has actually decreased.

Having examined the extent of Japanese immigrating and
departing, we will now direct our attention to their number resid-
ing in the country. According to the United States Census the
number of Japanese residents was as follows:

Year Number
1870 55
| 1880 148
1890 2,039
1900 24.326
1910 72,157
}

   
 
 
  
 
  
   

Accordingly, there were only 55 Japanese residents in the
whole country in 1870. That number increased to 148 in 1880.
A decade later it rose to 2,039. During the following decade
Japanese immigration was quite extensive, and consequently the
number residing in the country increased also. There were as
many as 24,000 in 1900. But the growth during the last decade
Was more significant. The number jumped to 72,157. Of this
number, Professor Millis says: ‘There is good reason to believe,
however, that the enumeration was by no means complete and
that the true number was several thousand larger than the num-
ber recorded.” ?

1 Millis, The Japanese Problem in the United States, p. 1.

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